Chapter 7 desoxyribonucleic dit Structure and Gene Function
DNA- a pinpoint with remarkable functions; it stores the reading that each cell needs to flummox protein
Nucleotides-four bases of protein. Adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), cytosine(C)
Complementary- In DNA and ribonucleic acid, the distinct pairing of purines (A and G) to pyrimidines ( C,T, and U)
Genome- is all of the genetic material in its cell
Chromosome- long DNA shreds that associate closely with proteins
Gene- is range of DNA nucleotides that mandates for specific protein or ribonucleic acid molecule
Transcription- a cell copies a genes DNA sequence to a commentary RNA molecule
Translation- the information in RNA is used to manufacture a protein by joining a specific sequence of amino group corrosive into a polypeptide
Messenger RNA ( informational RNA) - the information that specifies a protein. separately three mRNA bases forms a codon- which is a genetic code word that corresponds to one amino sulphurous
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - forms part of a ribosome, the physical location of protein synthesis
Transfers RNA (tRNA) - molecules are connectors that bind an mRNA codon at one end and the corresponding amino acid at the other.
Their role is to carry each amino acid to the ribosome at the correct spot along the mRNA molecule
Initiation-first stage of transcription…
Template strand- that encodes the RNA molecule…
RNA polymerase- enzyme that builds an RNA chain and binds to a promoter
Promoter- a DNA sequences that sign of the zodiac the genes start.
Elongation- RNA polymerase moves along the DNA strand, adding nucleotides to the growing RNA molecule
Termination- RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence that signals the end of the gene
Terminator- sequence that signals the end of the gene…
Intron- portion of an mRNA molecule that is outside before translation
Exon- portion of an mRNA that is translated after the introns are removed
catching code- correspondence between specific nucleotide sequence and amino acid
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